With the rapid development of high technology and the further opening up of domestic and foreign markets, the book printing industry is facing various new challenges and challenges. This article first analyzes the impact of various impacts on the printing industry, and conducts in-depth discussions on countermeasures.
The impact of the book printing industry 1. The impact of the new technology revolution. The 21st century is a period of rapid development of science and technology. As a publishing and printing industry that collects, produces, and sends information, the forms of products are no longer books, newspapers, periodicals, and albums, and audio and video products and electronic publications will develop rapidly; It is no longer pure paper, but paper, magnetism, light, electricity and sound coexist. Information highway technology and multimedia technology have begun to be applied and applied in the printing industry. The methods of plate making and printing will be more advanced. Printing companies can send e-mails directly through the Internet, exchange information with customers, and directly complete the process of plate making and printing. The advent of the digital technology revolution will inevitably impact traditional printing methods and backward printing processes. It can be seen that the main threats to traditional paper-based publications are multi-media, multimedia publications and network services. The China Printing Equipment and Equipment Industry Association has been approved by experts and related departments to confirm the development policy of China's printing technology in the first 10 years of the 21st century, namely, "digital before printing, networking; printing multi-color, high efficiency; printing after diversification, automation; equipment "High quality, serialization" is precisely the tide of globalization that adapts to the new technology revolution. This new technological revolution is integrated with the knowledge economy, and it is quietly moving toward us. The rapid technological innovation will have a huge impact on the economic growth and the development of the printing industry.
2. The impact of the buyer's market. The publishing industry has made tremendous achievements in its reform and opening up over the past 20 years. The variety and number of publications range from scarcity to richness, which not only solves the difficulty of buying books, but also transforms them into a buyer's market. On the other hand, the development of publications has promoted the rise of the printing industry. The drive of economic interests and the inefficiency of macro-control have also contributed to the excessive growth of the number of printing industries. In recent years, the government has stepped up efforts to control and rectify the problem of "controlling quantity and improving quality." However, the low level of excess production capacity has not been effectively controlled, and the problem of excess production of advanced productive forces has begun to show its signs and the printing capacity is still too large. The book market was hot and cold, and sales were generally low. Nearly 80% of publications in the book market were textbooks. It can be said that the overall readership ability of Chinese readers is quite low, which is directly related to the low degree of marketization of Chinese publishing and printing. In the market of general books and multimedia publications other than textbooks, the influence of readers is much greater, and the high inventory of books is the most direct reflection. According to statistics from the Department of Accounting and Accounting of the Press and Publication Administration, the average national book inventory increased by about 5 billion yuan per year from 1995 to 1998, and the national book inventory at the end of 1999 was as high as 25 billion yuan. This situation will inevitably constrain the development of the publishing and printing industry.
3. The impact of the western development. The large-scale development of the western region is a major strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee, which is far-sighted, takes a broad view of the situation, and reviews the situation. The focus of national economic development will shift to the west. The state will plan to increase investment in the western region. Books in the printing industry as a pillar industry of spiritual civilization will be strongly supported by policies, and the enterprise's crowded environment, legal environment, and environmental protection environment will be greatly improved. The western printing industry will make drastic start-ups in its large-scale development; at the same time, it also provides good opportunities for the printing industry in developed regions to expand into the western market and broaden the new printing market. Opportunities, challenges, challenges and shocks have a powerful driving force for the company's advancement.
4. The impact of joining the WTO. The Chinese government has worked hard for 15 years to join the WTO. It has completed negotiations with the main WTO member countries, and adjustments to domestic economic policies have also started. The accession to the WTO is just around the corner. China's accession to the WTO means accelerating the pace of economic globalization. According to the agreement reached with the major WTO member states, the tariff will be reduced to or close to zero at the latest within 10 years, and the gap between the degree of market access and WTO member states will be greatly reduced. As we all know, the effects of economic globalization are all-round, not limited to intuitive economic categories, but also to cultural ideology and superstructure. Regardless of whether or not it is willing to join the WTO, it should operate according to the dynamic rules of the WTO, and it cannot exclude the reality of economic globalization, political globalization, and cultural globalization. Foreign businessmen will be optimistic about the broad prospects for the development of China's printing industry, and will inevitably be involved in the printing industry. With its technology, management, capital and brand advantages as well as advanced management concepts and mature market operating mechanisms, it will openly contest and compete with the national printing industry in China, even To seize the market at the expense of losing money first and then seek monopoly. The cruelty of its means cannot be ignored. This contest and competition not only face the domestic market, but also face the international market. It will enable the printing industry to reshuffle, the market share of the printing market will be re-established, and the survival of the fittest will become a more prominent reality. It can be said that the opportunity and challenge of joining the WTO coexist, and the challenge is greater than the opportunity.
5. The impact of "burden reduction" by primary and secondary school students. The textbooks have always been regarded as a "fat" of the publishing system in our country, which is large and stable. With many varieties of textbooks, large quantities of prints, and reprints each year, it is the main source of corporate production tasks. The number of copies of textbooks is determined by the publishing house. The products are underwritten by Xinhua Bookstores or publishers. There is no backlog of products, no risk of operations, fast recovery of funds, and low production costs, which are the main sources of economic benefits for enterprises. Many provinces and districts also provide preferential policies and support for printing textbooks. These favorable factors and conditions have enabled the printing industry to overcome its difficulties and win development. However, on the other hand, the development of things has led companies to develop rigid business ideas that rely too much on textbooks and teaching, and laziness in the inertia of competition. This breeds the idea of “little wealth and safety” and is unwilling to make progress. In the spring of 2000, the Ministry of Education increased the burden of “burden reduction” measures on the basis of reducing the burden on students’ academic work. The varieties of textbooks and teaching aids have been significantly reduced, and the number of prints has declined significantly, especially in terms of teaching aids. The reduction has made it difficult for companies to parry, and the “burden reduction” effect can be described as immediate. What is more noteworthy is that the country’s excessive pricing of textbooks and teaching aids has caused students’ financial burdens to be excessively heavy and will take the effect of restrictive measures, and it will also somewhat impact the economic interests of printing companies. This impact on publishing and printing units, which account for a relatively large proportion of textbook production, is like an "economic earthquake."
6. The impact of competition among enterprises.
First, non-public ownership enterprises have grown rapidly. Non-public ownership enterprises have a positive effect and influence on stabilizing economic growth, providing jobs, increasing government revenue, and balancing regional economic disparities. After the party’s 15th National Congress, it was able to develop by leaps and bounds. They rely on the advantages of small scale, low investment, quick production conversion, flexible operation, and the characteristics of “excellent, inexpensive, and new” in quality, price, and service, and they are in an all-out battle against state-owned enterprises.
Second, the same type of book printing companies are basically the same or similar in terms of scale and product variety. They are all knowing each other, each exerting its own tricks, the competition is more subtle, and they are trying to compete for each other's market share.
Third, the competition among enterprises across provinces and regions has also emerged. According to the rules and regulations of printing, the publication of the publication out of the province is subject to examination and approval by the local press and publication management authority. No special reason is not allowed to be printed out of the province. With the development of the market economy and the establishment of a unified, open, competitive and orderly printing market nationwide, regional or industry protection barriers will surely be broken. Publishers and other customers are free to choose printing units nationwide; printing companies can also solicit businesses nationwide without restrictions. This is more of an opportunity for the printing industry in developed regions, and the printing industry in less developed regions is more of a challenge and an impact.
Responsive measures for the book printing industry 1. Ideas and innovations Changing ideas The most important thing is to re-understand and position the nature and status of the printing industry. To be more corporate, less specific; more competitive, less dependent; more innovative, less conservative. We take the "cut umbilical weaning" of the market economy as the driving force. Faced with the trend of global economic integration, it lost its illusions and participated in the competition in accordance with the requirements of the modern enterprise system and further deepened corporate reforms. The printing industry will be transformed into a market competition subject that is self-operated, self-financing, self-restraining, and self-development.
2. Structural adjustment 1. It is necessary to speed up the adjustment of the institutional structure and take the path of shareholding and grouping. The purpose of equity-based and group-building is to strengthen the strength, jointly resist the impact of opening up the market, and achieve "win-win".
Enterprises in the western region must seek ways to unite with companies in the eastern region and complement each other in terms of resources such as technology, capital, and management.
Strong printing groups and enterprises can go abroad to set up factories abroad and open up the international market.
Domestic enterprises must actively create conditions for cooperation with foreign companies, use the company's existing printing resources such as land, plant, equipment, and personnel as well as intangible assets such as credit, name, trademarks, and customers as investment in advanced management, equipment, and technology of foreign-funded enterprises. Processes, standards, necessary funds, and original foreign market share, to achieve the optimization, reorganization, and integration of asset transnationality, and to share benefits in the dance with Wolves.
Second, we must speed up the adjustment of product structure and take a variety of ways. It is necessary to actively adjust the product structure, develop printing, surpass printing, and focus on one industry and multiple operations. In addition to the printing of supplementary materials, we also need to develop books, periodicals, newspapers, advertisements, product descriptions, packaging, decoration, printing, etc. to make printing bigger; to create effective economic entities and to enlarge the industry. To make the East not bright, the West bright; loss within the embankment, make up outside the embankment. The printing industry is facing the challenge of the new technology revolution. E-books, multimedia books, etc. have already begun to occupy the book market, and they are rapidly developing. Therefore, books and periodicals printing companies must be forward-looking on the idea of product structure adjustment, and create conditions to get involved in these new areas.
Third, we must speed up the adjustment of personnel structure and follow the path of science and technology. Science and technology are the primary productive forces, and the key to the development of science and technology lies in people. It is necessary to firmly seize the great opportunities for human resources development and increase the proportion of technical and managerial talents in enterprises, so as to reduce redundant personnel and improve overall quality. First, in the selection of people, it is necessary to change Bole’s recommendation to an open race. Only by playing a fair role in competition can we truly enable talents and prevent the re-use of mediocrity. Equity competition employs enterprise managers and technical and managerial personnel have been piloted. It will serve as a new employment mechanism to greatly promote the development of productivity. The second is to re-understand and locate the front-line personnel of the company based on the market concept. Some people like to think that the management department is like the headquarters of the military. The market planning department is like the information collection and strategic decision department in the army. The director is the commander in the army. They are at the frontline of the market if they put the workshop production personnel. Located on the frontline staff, they are on the front line. With the enthusiasm of all employees, especially the enthusiasm of this team, companies have real vitality and hope.
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